The Shortage of Transplant Organs

by on November 13, 2007 at 10:55 am in Medicine | Permalink

The Wall Street Journal has a front-page article and a debate between Julio Elias and Alvin Roth on alleviating the shortage of transplant organs.  This interactive graphic was good at explaining the idea of kidney swaps.  Elias and Roth should have discussed no-give, no-take rules and Lifesharers

I will be speaking to Congressional and agency staff about the organ shortage this Thursday at noon (this event is not open to the public.)

Addendum: Transplant surgeon Arthur Matas, mentioned in the WSJ article, is no
libertarian but argues for live kidney sales in a new Cato Policy
Report
.

John Fast November 13, 2007 at 11:51 am

While there are still some people who are ignorant or confused enough to oppose compensating organ donors because of some misguided “principle,” I believe there are some intelligent, well-meaning people who are simply worried that allowing compensation for organ donors will lead to criminals killing people and harvesting their organs. That is a reasonable (although mistaken) objection that deserves to be respected and addressed.

Other than that, the first class of objections should simply be attacked by asking, “Are you opposed to compensating people who are generous enough to donate their organs? Shouldn’t we at least provide them with free universal health care, or the equivalent? Or are you so cruel and heartless that you don’t want to help these brave, selfless people? Have you no compassion??”

kebko November 13, 2007 at 12:17 pm

John Fast,

If I was willing to kill people in order to steal from them, there would be hundreds of things to steal that would be easier and more lucrative than selling their organs. I’m not sure how much respect that particular objection really deserves. It seems to me like one of many concocted justifications stemming from the bias for supporting the status quo.

Mike Giberson November 13, 2007 at 1:04 pm

Re: the possibility that “compensation for organ donors will lead to criminals killing people and harvesting their organs.”

If compensation were legally payable to live donors, I’m guessing the scenario would be that the donor enters the transplant center willingly, signs a zillion consent forms and the surgeons involved in the transplant do the harvesting. No back alleys, no unmarked cash in small bills, no “errand boys” rushing around with kidneys packed in cartons of ice.

Maybe with compensation for donations from deceased sources, rampant gang activity is “a reasonable (though mistaken) objection that deserves to be respected,” but not in the case of compensation for live donors.

happyjuggler0 November 13, 2007 at 4:16 pm

shannon,

our society so selfish that it requires pay to donate an organ, in which you can give one up and survive without excessive health risks

If the only way to save the life of a friend of mine was to get into a fight where I would surely get beat up and be hospitalized, with a slight risk to my life, would I do it? Yes.

Would I do it for a stranger? If I had to be honest with myself, I’d have to guess that my answer would be probably not. I’d call the police, but take a beating for nothing, and risk my life?

I’m sorry if you feel that is ignoble, but I am not the only one who feels that way. Replace “take a beating” with “give up a kidney”, and the argument still holds.

Sucks, but there it is.

Chris November 13, 2007 at 4:50 pm

Being compensated for selling organs would create, in my opinion, a lucrative market for criminals. Looking at this logically, the demand for organs is high. And what happens when demand is high?? Supply generally increases to meet the wants. Normal people are only able to sell a few of their own organs without passing away, of course.. so how does a clever individual make a profit in this? By acquiring organs from other people by various means.
Perhaps giving one of your organs will be a way to pay off a bookie? You’ve run up a huge debt and the loan sharks are threatening to break your legs very soon. What to do!? I know what to do; since there is a shortage of donated organs, people should start being compensated for their generosity. In this way, I could fetch 25k for my kidney and the mobsters will finally leave me alone. If the debtor is faint of heart and doesn’t want to donate, the criminals could take the organ by force. This sounds terrible, but it’s better than having those same individuals murder you. So you wake up in a bathtub of ice, debt free though in pain, you call an ambulance and then life is good again. In the meantime, the mobsters/criminals have sold your organ to a hospital so some lucky child has a chance at a normal life.
I do believe that people should be compensated for all types of bodily donations. It will increase the supply, save more lives, and increase the income of generous people. The market will operate just as the economics would dictate. Supply-demand. Demand-Supply.

Please be wary of the possible black market. Don’t run up large gambling debts to a guy name Vinnie who has a cousin who’s a doctor.

Chris Meisenzahl November 13, 2007 at 8:31 pm

Great article, my 10 year old daughter pointed it out to me this morning.

G November 13, 2007 at 9:06 pm

Prohibition of organ sales drives up black market costs, and hence organ thievery, not the other way around. Allowance of organ sales would increase the supply of organs for sale, driving down costs, and creating less of an incentive to steal organs.

Remember, black markets always exist, and no organ thief could sell his loot to an honest clinic without being caught. So the number of potential buyers for black-market organs would not even increase. They’d go down along with the price of the organs themselves.

The real mistake is committed by people who expect political issues like this one to follow any sort of logic.

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Robert Sussman November 20, 2008 at 6:55 am

For every product there is a supply and demand. Normally the supply and demand are balanced by a rising or falling price. When the price is set by the government at $0.00, then demand will exceed supply. We call this a shortage. The demand for kidneys is inelastic (does not vary with the price), but the supply is elastic. The supply of kidneys would increase if the price was allowed to rise. Shortages can only persist with the presence of price controls. Remove the price control and the shortage vanishes.

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