The Capitalist Vanishes

by on March 12, 2007 at 7:18 am in Economics | Permalink

The I/B/E/S database purports to document the earnings expectations of research analysts.  The database has been used by academic researchers in hundreds of papers and is also used by the industry to rate and promote research analysts. 

A new paper, Rewriting History, claims that there has been massive tampering with the database.   Call it the capitalist vanishes.

Comparing two snapshots of the historical I/B/E/S
database of research analyst stock recommendations, taken in 2002 and 2004 but
each covering the same time period 1993-2002, we identify 54,729 ex post changes
(out of 280,463 observations), including alterations of recommendation levels,
additions and deletions of records, and removal of analyst names. The changes
appear non-random across brokerage firms, analysts, and tickers, and have a
significant impact on the overall distribution of recommendations across stocks
and within individual stocks and brokerage firms. They also affect trading
signal classifications, back-testing inferences, track records of individual
analysts, and models of analysts’ career outcomes in the three years following
the changes.

Hat tip to Mike Kellermann at the Social Science Statistics Blog.

tom s. March 12, 2007 at 9:59 am

As someone who has never heard of the I/B/E/S database, and only just knows what a “research analyst” is (I think), I’m hoping for some commenters to expand on this. It sounds scandalous. Is it? Does it matter to me? Lazy minds want to know.

Scott Peterson March 12, 2007 at 10:47 am

I imagine that the authors of all those academic papers based on the IBES database are fairly perturbed by the conclusions of this research. It would seem that a lot of work has been demonstrated to be based on faulty data and therefore fairly useless.

Nathan Whitehead March 12, 2007 at 1:26 pm

I love this story! IBES grades analysts with its database, major financial publications rank analysts using the database, then analysts get raises and bonuses based on their reputation in the press. Then people are surprised when the “changes” in the database are not random?

What’s going on is obvious to anyone who has ever been a TA. It’s called “grade grubbing”, students lobbying for changes to their grade. You can bet that students never lobby the TA to make their grades lower. They are going to lobby to improve their scores, or if they screwed up they might lobby to drop the class without record. Those are exactly the suspicious changes in the database!

This isn’t to say the database is blameless. I think it is a scandal that they don’t have some way of correcting problems analysts raise with the database in an impartial way. The accuracy of the database is their job.

The solution I always adopted when teaching was a policy that says if a student asks for something to be regraded because of a mistake or oversight, everything the student had turned in would be regraded simultaneously. There are still sources of “regrading bias”, but this strategy eliminates the worst ones.

Jonathan March 12, 2007 at 4:13 pm

lannychiu: if you read the paper, you’ll see that you’re wrong. This is not about analysts changing their minds and correcting recommendations… it’s about excising recommendations from the record and adding recommendations that weren’t there on the earlier tape.

lannychiu March 12, 2007 at 5:05 pm

Actually what I am talking about is a database with every analyst’s historical predictions, and a date of when they made them. Their are different versions of the database available, and the more expensive one allows you to search through the data and find the revisions. I don’t believe that you can completely excise your bad picks, elsewise the database would be useless for historical back-testing.

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