Move south to live longer

I am also gated out, but like Robert I suspect that there is a significant potential bias to the data introduced by differences in the composition of the population. I would like to know along what lines they aggregated data into North and South, and if they found significant regional differences. There are huge lifestyle differences that divide a place like Palm Springs and Santa Fe from Charlotte or Houston.
You could do wonders with a selective site sample.

I’ve heard this 15 minutes recommendation before. Is that mid-day? And how much skin has to be exposed? Are we talking bathing suits, or shorts and a shirt?

And how does the maxing out work? After I reach my max does my body stop producing the vitamin-D? What happens if I drink milk fortified with vitamin-D right after I’ve maxed out thru sunlight? just curious.

How much of the benefit of migration is due to originating in a cold place to begin with?

Below is the conclusion of the paper:

Our findings indicate that increases in mortality caused by cold temperature are long lasting. We find evidence of a large and statistically significant permanent effect on mortality of cold waves. By contrast, the increases in mortality associated with heat waves are short lived. The increase in mortality that occurs in the days immediately following heat waves appears entirely driven by temporal displacement.

The aggregate effect of extreme cold on mortality is large. We estimate that the number of annual deaths attributable to cold temperature is about 1.3% of actual deaths in the United States. This effect is significantly larger in low income areas.
The main contribution of this paper is to document the importance of a previously unrecognized determinant of gains in life expectancy in the United States. Over the past several decades, the U.S. population has moved from the Northeastern states to the Southwestern states. This secular trend has resulted in a diminished exposure to cold weather. We calculate that every year, 5,400 deaths are delayed by the changing exposure to cold temperature. Such effect on longevity accounts for 8%-15% of the overall increase in longevity experienced by the US population over the last 30 years.
We also find that individuals seem to take the longevity benefit into consideration in their mobility decisions. Exposure to extreme cold is an important determinant of mobility decisions, especially for the age groups that are most affected by cold-induced mortality.

Spencer,

There are things I would have liked to know, or have explicitly detailed in the study. For example, what is the effect of extreme cold snaps in, let’s say, Dallas or similar locations. This might answer the question of whether the study has a bias in the overall health of the most vulnerable populations. In other words, if two cold snaps of equal intensity in Chicago and Dallas produce still more deaths/population in Chicago for a given age cohort, then one might conclude that the elderly who migrated south were healthier than those that remained behind. It wasn’t clear to me, but they may have addressed this by studying the deaths of people who migrated in both directions. They did study people who died in locations different from their locations of birth, so they may have controlled for this factor. I need to do a closer reading of the paper.

“The US population” is not one thing — there are African-Americans, European-Americans, Asian-Americans, Native Americans…. Hope they’ve taken these differences into consideration (presumably not).

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