Arsenic-based bacteria
In Mono Lake, created by scientists, working together with evolution:
Hours before their special news conference today, the cat is out of the bag: NASA has discovered a completely new life form that doesn’t share the biological building blocks of anything currently living in planet Earth. This changes everything.
(That is a bad summary it turns out, try the paper itself.) And here and here. (This piece covers the skeptics.) This is important, no? It implies a lot more life out there in the universe than many people had thought.