Efficiency wages for warehouse workers

The firm gains $1.10 from increased productivity for a $1 increase in wages.

And:

…we estimate that over half of the turnover reductions and productivity increases arise from behavioral responses as opposed to compositional differences. These aggregate patterns mask considerable heterogeneity by gender: women’s productivity responds more and their turnover responds less to wage changes than men’s, which can lead to occupational pay gaps.

That is from a new paper by Natalia Emanuel, a job market candidate from Harvard University.  The paper is co-authored with Emma Harrington (also on the job market), here is their other paper on the efficiencies and inefficiencies of working from home.

I had previously reported on Natalia’s very good paper, with Valentin Bolotnyy, on why women are paid less.

She has work in progress on school closures and family violence: “After three-day weekends and snow-days, reports of family violence increase. I further show that these effects are concentrated in counties with low median income.”