Sales of new novels and romances during the Romantic period
Yes, it is Sir Walter Scott. Waverely, from 1814, sold about 40,000 copies; Guy Mannering sold about 50,000. His twenty-third bestselling novel (unidentified) sold about ten thousand copies. The twenty-fourth bestselling novel from this period — Fanny Burney’s Camilla — sold only four thousand. Scott was first also in the poetry market, with Byron a close second. Moore, Campbell, Rogers, and Southey dominate Coleridge and Wordsworth.
Keep all that in mind next time you despair about Dan Brown on the bestseller lists. More generally, we are leaving "winner-take-all" markets behind, not moving toward them.
The numbers are from William St. Clair’s excellent The Reading Nation in the Romantic Period. Here is my previous post on the book.
Let Stephen King kill you
In his upcoming book, that is, bid here at $20,000 or more. Here are other naming auctions in literature. Thanks to Matt Fulvio for the pointer. Here is my earlier post on this practice; read Alex also.
Addendum: While we are on the "markets in everything" topic, here is Steve Levitt on how to discourage protestors.
Sexual Healing
The Danish government pays for the disabled and elderly to watch porn and have sex with prostitutes.
Caregivers in Copenhagen have found that pornography and prostitutes
have a greater calming effect on their elderly patients than
traditional medical treatment such as drug therapy.Staff at the Thorupgaarden nursing home in the Danish capital have
been broadcasting pornography on the building’s internal videochannel
every Saturday night for several years. And if videos and dirty
magazines don’t relieve the tension, residents can ask the staff to
order a prostitute for them.The caregivers have told Danish media that pornography is healthier,
cheaper and easier to use than medicine, Lars Elmsted Petersen, a
spokesman for the Danish seniors’ lobby group Aeldresagen, said.Earlier this year, the Danish government released a report stating
that sexuality is an integral part of life for the elderly and the
disabled. It recommended that caregivers help elderly residents satisfy
their sexual needs.
All this sounds very reasonable to me. My only objection? Government intervention could lead to shortages.
To Serve and Protect Whom?
Last week I wrote:
According to this stunning account
local law enforcement officials prevented refugees, at gun point, from
leaving New Orleans and then stole their food and water to boot.
The story seemed so incredible that I cautioned readers but the Washington Post is now verifying the main account:
A suburban police chief is defending himself against
accusations of racism for ordering the blockade of a bridge and turning
back desperate hurricane victims… Police Chief Arthur Lawson Jr. ordered officers to block a bridge
leading into the community [of Gretna], which is almost two-thirds white. New
Orleans is two-thirds black.
Thanks to Robin Hanson for the pointer.
The changing value of Shakespeare
Auction values for the publishing rights to Collected Works of William Shakespeare:
1709: "a small fraction of" 200 pounds
1734: "less than" 675 pounds
1741: 1,630 pounds
1765: 3,462 pounds
1774, End of perpetual monopoly copyright: Nil
That is from William St. Clair’s recent The Reading Nation in the Romantic Period. Many books deal with the rise of print culture and the commercial revolution, but in terms of thoroughness and data work, this marvelous work is a clear number one. Here is more on the book. I am learning just how much early British copyright law kept the price of literature high, and kept books out of public hands.
The New Zealand election
It is going on now, many say "too close to call," here is The New Zealand Herald (with updates on their home page), and yes comments are open, add what you know, and I will update this post in the morning. National Party candidate Don Brash is, to the best of my knowledge, the best candidate running for a leadership position in any major country in some time. And of course Sunday is the election in Germany…
Addendum: The vote is very close. This is mixed member proportional representation, so the final outcome will depend on negotiating a coalition with the minor parties. This could take weeks, with (boo-hoo) Winston Peters as the likely kingmaker. Here is the voting; note that ACT is the libertarian party but they have only 1.5 percent.
Ironic direct mail solicitations
"A free dining out directory enclosed for Tyler Cowen."
That is from Washingtonian magazine.
The debate over think tanks
Read these three posts by Virginia Postrel (as this link ages, you may need to scroll down or use Google). This is a difficult topic for me, since I have had dealings with numerous think tanks and think tank-related entities for almost thirty years. I sympathize with much of what Virginia has to say, but here are a few points in the other direction:
1. The existence of think tanks, and related entities, makes being an academic more attractive. I mean the fun and exposure, not the money (think tanks don’t pay so well, relative to consulting). Think tanks can make academics more productive, and can make academics more interested in addressing real world concerns. Such factors have played a considerable role in my life.
2. I am interested in what economists call "rent exhaustion." Why isn’t the entire budget of a think tank taken up by attempts to raise money? Well, the entire budget of a for-profit usually is — or at least should be — taken up by attempts to make money; we call those profits. The true goals of non-profits are more diverse, even when they face budgetary pressures. Even corrupt non-profits do not spend 100 percent of their budget on raising funds. Non-profits of all kinds — including think tanks — introduce a degree of mission freedom that is otherwise not there.
The question depends on what we are comparing think tanks to. The for-profit sector? The NSF? Blogging? Free-lance writing? Direct grants from foundations? They all have their pluses and minuses. The key question is whether the different pieces fit together in a useful way.
3. Some think tanks simply are markers or beacons for the ideologically faithful. I do object to the hypocrisy involved, and to the quality of their policy outputs. That being said, they are providing real services, just as churches do.
4. I view the interaction between blogs (and other decentralized information and opinion sources) and think tanks as a key question for the future. Will blogs "smack down" the rot of lower-quality think tank outputs, thereby leading to intellectual improvements? Or will blogs push think tanks out of serious policy discourse altogether, making them more like churches? Will blogs amplify the influence of some kinds of think tanks, at the expense of others? On these questions, all bets are off.
Note that scholars no longer need think tanks to take their ideas to larger audiences. The think tank sector has yet to absorb the import of this fact. Could Google — and not universities — be the real competitor to policy think tanks?
How to teach driving
Yana has her learner’s permit, so the role of instructor falls upon the blogger in the family. I have the following three tips, all of which assume you are in a safe area, such as an empty parking lot:
1. Ask the driving student to hit the curb, but just barely. This is the only way to learn where the curb is. They are going to find the curb anyway, so let this learning occur under safe circumstances.
2. Make them drive while you are making funny noises, "acting retarded," and screaming "Billy Bob has a crush on Yana." At some point their friends will hand out the same treatment — make sure they are psychologically prepared.
3. Tell them to put the car in "Park" before it has come to a complete stop. The same reasoning applies as above.
Why don’t most people teach these lessons (or do you all?)? You want to feel safe and lower your stress during the lesson, rather than prepping the future driver for real world circumstances. (So how should we teach prospective central bankers?) Comments are open, in case you have other tips for how to teach driving…
Vampires who understand the Hotelling rule
…of optimal resource extraction, are found in Octavia Butler’s new Fledgling. ("Who could need that much blood? Why kill a person who would willingly feed you again and again if you handled them carefully?") Here is one review; a new novel by her is an event and the first few chapters are gripping.
Dollar decline: optimism vs. pessimism?
Read Brad DeLong (the best econ post this week; for better or worse, no one gets impeached). My view is simple: I don’t much trust any very specific macro model. So I look at current market prices and I ask two questions. First, does the country in question have relatively sound fundamentals, relative to other parts of the world? Despite the erosion in the quality of governance in the U.S., I still answer yes. Second, I try to develop a crude but intuitive "theory" of what the market hasn’t taken into account. I don’t have a strong guess here but the Setser-Krugman pessimistic view seems well enough known that it doesn’t fit this bill. That gives me a second reason not to be a pessimist.
More specifically, I am not what Brad calls an "international finance economist":
International finance economists, by contrast, look at the asset markets. A 40% decline in the dollar over four years is a decline at the rate of 10% per year. Once financial markets convince themselves that such a decline is coming and that they need to be compensated for it, that ought to drive a 400 basis point wedge between U.S. and foreign long-bond expected returns.
I would be surprised if a dollar decline led to such consistently high interest rates in anticipation. Uncovered interest parity is an unreliable relationship and often the relevant variables behave more like random walks, whether or not they should according to theory. Also read this Economist article on why interest rates may not skyrocket if the dollar dives; links to specific papers are at the bottom of the article.
Addendum: I don’t think I have had any influence on his specific subsequent views, but I am proud to have had Stephen Jen as an undergraduate in the first class I ever taught at UC Irvine.
Bet on New Orleans population in 2010
Here is the link, this market appears to be not very liquid. Thanks to Paul N. for the pointer.
Addendum: Here is a better link, thanks to Chris Hibbert.
Markets in everything: kidnapping and humiliation
These get harder to do each time (without descending into the gross, that is), but semagoediv [that’s "videogames" backwards] makes my life easy:
[Brock Enright] has had some 40 clients to date, and what they ask for can vary enormously. One woman he is currently working with in New York, in a game lasting several months, is trying to conquer her fear of deceit, and so, as if to inoculate her, Enright has inveigled around 25 new characters into her life, using actors. He has about 25 barmen on his books. “I’m not a therapist; I’m more like a cartoonist,” he says.
Of his kidnap subjects, some enjoy a three-day “game”, in which Enright and his team follow their movements and (subject to request, safety and various legal agreements) abduct them for around six hours before dumping them. I opted for the budget “Fantasy Photo” option, in which it was understood that the artist would stage a kidnapping and take a series of souvenir pictures. It was no picnic.
After our tea, Enright sent me off down a side street to wait. The precise form my adventure would take wasn’t clear until a Jeep careered around a corner, and figures in balaclavas jumped out and forced me into the back. I was hooded and held down. We drove a short distance and I was manhandled into what I later realised was an artist’s studio, and slammed down into the corner.
I won’t report the accompanying sexual humiliations, and yes the "weakies" are (supposedly) weeded out in advance by "psychological tests." Legal waivers are signed as well. Get this:
Kidnapping isn’t all he does, he emphasises, but his other projects seemed similarly unpleasant. They include one in which he simulates mass murders on a basketball court chalked up like a Ouija board, and another in which he acts as an internet counsellor encouraging suicide…
Here is the main story. Here is a story of how the torture of your kidnapping is custom-designed to match your fears. Enright has many repeat customers.
Self-experimentation with comments
Since we believe in self-experimentation (by the way, Seth Roberts is now guest-blogging over at Freakonomics), I recently ran an experiment with comments on this blog. The results:
1. Visitor stats rise considerably. But this happens so quickly, I believe it is people hitting "reload" to read additional comments, rather than more readers.
2. The more that comments are regularly available, the more rapidly the quality of comments falls. The quality of comments stays high when it is periodic, not automatic, and when we request comments specifically.
3. The quality of comments is highest when the matter under consideration involves particular facts and decentralized knowledge. Posts which mention evolution, free will, or Paul Krugman do not generate the highest quality of comments.
So my current sense (Alex chooses his own course, though I believe he agrees) is to ask for comments periodically rather than always having comments open. The goal is to maximize the real value of comments, rather than the number of comments (or measured visits) per se.
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blogsearch.google.com
A great idea, but it is a sucker for titles rather than content. Should MR really rank so much higher under "revolution" as under "economics"? On the other hand, perhaps you like the "Markets in Everything" series…and I was led to these reviews of the new Paul McCartney album, which has been playing as I blog.