Category: Television

*Pluribus*

The show is very good, noting that very few television series satisfy me.  It is conceptual, philosophical, and multi-sided.  Episode two I thought was one of the best TV episodes I have seen.  So many of you should try it, noting that at first Episode one feels excessive, implausible, and “too fruity.”

What is the greatest artwork of the century so far?

That question is taken from a recent Spectator poll.  Their experts offer varied answers, so I thought at the near quarter-century mark I would put together my own list, relying mostly on a seat of the pants perspective rather than comprehensiveness.  Here goes:

Cinema

Uncle Boonmee, In the Mood for Love, Ceylan’s Winter Sleep, Yi Yi, Artificial Intelligence, Her, Y Tu Mama Tambien, Four Months Three Weeks Two Days, from Iran A Separation, Oldboy, Silent Light (Reygadas), The Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada, Get Back, The Act of Killing, Master and Commander, Apocalypto, and New World would be a few of my picks.  Incendies anyone?

Classical music (a bad term these days, but you know what I mean):

Georg Friedrich Haas, 11,000 Strings, Golijov’s Passion, John Adams Transmigration of Souls, The Dharma at Big Sur, Caroline Shaw, and Stockhausen’s Licht operas perhaps.  Typically such works need to be seen live, as streaming is no substitute.  As for recordings, recorded versions of almost every classic work are better than before, opera being excluded from that generalization.  So the highest realizations of most classical music compositions have come in the last quarter century.

Fiction

Ferrante, the first two volumes of Knausgaard, Submission, Philip Pullman, and The Three-Body Problem.  The Marquez memoir and his kidnapping book, both better than his magic realism.  The Savage Detectives.  Sonia and Sunny maybe?

Visual Arts

Bill Viola’s video art, Twombly’s Lepanto series, Cai Guo-Qiang and Chinese contemporary art more generally (noting it now seems to be in decline), the large Jennifer Bartlett installation that was in MOMA, Robert Gober.  Late Hockney and Richter works.  The best of Kara Walker.  The second floor of MOMA and so much of what has been shown there.

Jazz 

There is so much here, as perhaps the last twenty-five years have been a new peak for jazz, even as it fades in general popularity.  One could mention Craig Taborn, Chris Potter, and Marcus Gilmore, but there are dozens of top tier creators.  Cecile McLorin Salvant on the vocal side.  Is she really worse than Ella Fitzgerald?  I don’t think so.

Popular music (also a bad term)

The best of Wilco, Kanye, D’angelo, Frank Ocean, Bob Dylan’s Love and Theft.  How about Sunn O)))?  No slight intended to those listed, but I had been hoping this category would turn out a bit stronger?

Television

The Sopranos, the first two seasons of Battlestar Galactica, Srugim, Borgen, and Curb Your Enthusiasm.

Assorted

Hamilton, and there is plenty more in theater I have not seen.  At the very least one can cite Stoppard’s Coast of Utopia and Leopoldstadt.  There is games and gaming.  People around the world, overall, look much better than ever before.  The Museum of Islamic Art in Doha and the reoopened Great Egyptian Museum in Cairo.  The new wing at MOMA.  Architecture might need a post of its own, but I’ll start by citing the works of Peter Zumthor.  (Here is one broader list, it strikes me as too derivative in style, in any case it is hard to get around and see all these creations, same problem as with judging theatre.)  I do not follow poetry much, but Louise Glück and Seamus Heaney are two picks, both with many works in the new century.  The top LLMs, starting (but not ending) with GPT-4.  They are indeed things of beauty.

Overall, this list seems pretty amazing to me.  We are hardly a culture in decline.

*The Age of Disclosure*

I have now watched the whole movie.  The first twenty-eight minutes are truly excellent, the best statement of the case for taking UAPs seriously.  It is impressive how they lined up dozens of serious figures, from the military and intelligence services, willing to insist that UAPs are a real phenomenon, supported by multiple sources of evidence.  Not sensor errors, not flocks of birds, and not mistakes in interpreting images.  This part of the debate now should be considered closed.  It is also amazing that Marco Rubio has such a large presence in the film, as of course he is now America’s Secretary of State.

You will note this earlier part of the movie does not insist that UAPs are aliens.

After that point, the film runs a lot of risks.  About one-third of what is left is responsible, along the lines of the first twenty-eight minutes.  But the other two-thirds or so consists of quite unsupported claims about alien beings, bodies discovered, reverse engineering, quantum bubbles, and so on.  You will not find dozens of respected, credentialed, obviously non-crazy sources confirming any of those propositions.  The presentation also becomes too conspiratorial.  Still, part of the latter part of the movie remains good and responsible.

Overall I can recommend this as an informative and sometimes revelatory compendium of information.  It does not have anything fundamentally new, but brings together the evidence in the aggregate better than any other source I know,and it assembles the best and most credible set of testifiers.  And then there are the irresponsible bits, which you can either ignore (though still think about), or use as a reason to dismiss the entire film.  I will do the former.

What to Watch (or Not): Ballard, Perfect Days, Billy Joel

Ballard (Amazon Prime) — I liked Bosch, so I had high hopes for this spinoff. The core premise—a team of misfits solving cold cases—is solid enough but the writing is unimaginative and lazy. In one scene, Ballard is told she needs to get a confession. We expect clever interrogation tactics. Instead, she walks in and bluntly asks, “Did you shoot Yulia Kravetz?”

Maggie Q is charismatic but the writers don’t write for her. She’s exceptionally slim, for example, yet the show repeatedly asks us to believe she can physically overpower men twice her size. I have no problem with that in a superhero movie but it’s off putting in a show that pretends to be grounded and gritty. If you’re casting someone with that physique, write her as sharper, more cunning, more insightful—not as a female stand-in for macho Bosch.

Worst of all is the ending: a killer reveal that comes out of nowhere, with no foreshadowing or internal logic. The writers don’t understand the difference between a twist and a cheat. Disappointing.

Perfect Days (Hulu, Amazon)a 2023 Wim Wenders film that won the award at Cannes for “works of artistic quality which witnesses to the power of film to reveal the mysterious depths of human beings through what concerns them, their hurts and failings as well as their hopes.” The film follows the life of Hirayama (Kōji Yakusho, who won at Cannes for best actor) as he cleans public toilets in Tokyo’s Shibuya district. You will not be surprised to learn that the movie proceeds slowly. The toilets and the cleaning are the most interesting part of the first hour! I say this not as critique–I liked Perfect Days and the toilets really are interesting–only to illustrate the kind of movie that it is.

It helps to know the following from a useful Sean Burns review:

Komorebi is a Japanese word for the dancing shadow patterns created by sunlight shining through the rustling leaves of trees. There’s no equivalent term in English, and it’s tough to imagine any American caring enough to come up with one. But every afternoon on his lunch break, Hirayama (Koji Yakusho) takes a picture of the komorebi from his favorite park bench using an old Olympus film camera. Back at his apartment, he’s got boxes and boxes of black-and-white photos of the same spot, every one of them unique. Subtle shifts of the light and swaying branches in the breeze make similar snapshots strikingly different every time. Indeed, the whole concept behind komorebi is that it can exist only in a moment, never to be repeated. “Next time is next time,” Hirayama’s fond of saying, “Now is now.”

https://www.archilovers.com/stories/30456/why-architects-should-watch-perfect-days-by-wim-wenders.html

Although I would disagree with Burns slightly because there is an English term for something related to komorebi and that is crown shyness, the phenomena where trees grow in such a way that their branches keep from touching one another creating a canopy of closeness yet also distance. Indeed, I would argue that crown shyness expresses more of what the movie is about than komorebi.

A key question that divides reviewers is whether Hirayama is happy or content. The standard interpretation is that he has found, as Davis puts it, “beauty in the routine,” stopping to smell the roses. Yes, that is one aspect, but the routine is also a narcotic for the lost. Hirayama is estranged from his family. Barkeeps like him but all his relationships are superficial. He plays a game with a “friend” he never meets—distance and disconnection are everywhere.. In two scenes he finds meaning and joy in looking after a child but in both these scenes the child’s mother quickly rips the child away. Hirayama’s work partner disappears in the second half of the film. He almost makes connections with three women but in each case, crown shyness intervenes. He takes pride in his work but is operating well below his ability. He is isolated, alone, and without someone else to share a life, he is incomplete.

There are great scenes and music in Perfect Days, including a beautiful scene in which a Japanese hostess (Sayuri Ishikawa) sings House of the Rising Sun.

Billy Joel: And So It Goes (HBO) — 52nd Street was one of my favorite albums as a youth and it was fun to revisit his career. Billy Joel’s first wife, Elizabeth Weber, was the muse for many of his early songs including Big Shot and Stiletto:

She cuts you hard, she cuts you deepShe’s got so much skillShe’s so fascinatingThat you’re still there waitingWhen she comes back for the killYou’ve been slashed in the faceYou’ve been left there to bleedYou want to run awayBut you know you’re gonna stay‘Cause she gives you what you need

She is indeed, fascinating! Wow. Even today, she comes across as formidable.

I thought a lot about genetics while watching And So It Goes. Joel’s father was a classical musician, though his only notable comment on Billy’s playing was to knock him unconscious for taking too much liberty with a piece. The father left when Billy was eight. Not much nurture. Years later, they reunite in Vienna—where Joel discovers he has a half-brother, Alexander Joel, a successful pianist and conductor.

Joel grew up poor, but his paternal grandfather had been a wealthy Jewish businessman in Germany until the Nazis forced him out. His mother, Rosalind, was also musical, but her primary inheritance may have been bipolar disorder. Joel’s mental health struggles are never explicitly named in the documentary, but the signs are everywhere: an early suicide attempt, alcoholism, repeated motorcycle and car crashes of a self-destructive nature. The emotional cycles also help explain the pattern of intense, short-lived marriages to beautiful and accomplished women—Weber, Christie Brinkley, Katie Lee, and Alexis Roderick. In his highs, he was irresistible. In his lows, unbearable. He goes to extremes.

Critics didn’t always love Joel’s music, but his catalog has become part of the American songbook. Proof of something Tyler and I often discuss, the power of simply keeping going.

My Conversation with the excellent Any Austin

Here is the audio, video, and transcript.  Here is an introduction to Any Austin:

Any Austin has carved a unique niche for himself on YouTube: analyzing seemingly mundane or otherwise overlooked details in video games with the seriousness of an art critic examining Renaissance sculptures. With millions of viewers hanging on his every word about fluvial flows in Breath of the Wild or unemployment rates in the towns of Skyrim, Austin has become what Tyler calls “the very best in the world at the hermeneutics of infrastructure within video games.” But Austin’s deeper mission is teaching us to think analytically about everything we encounter, and to replace gaming culture’s obsession with technical specs and comparative analysis with a deeper aesthetic appreciation that asks simply: what are we looking at, and what does it reveal?

Excerpt:

COWEN: The role in history is important to me. Now AI-generated art would have its own role in history, but it wouldn’t compete directly with Michelangelo. When it comes to movies, I think it’s different because mostly when I’m seeing movies, I’m seeing new movies that don’t yet have a role in history. If the new movie were made in part or fully by the AI, or maybe I’m making it myself, I don’t think I would be any less interested. It’s all artifice anyway.

AUSTIN: There’re two things I take a little issue with there. I don’t take issue with the fact that the role in history is important and beautiful, but the fact that you can watch a movie and get an emotional thing from it without having its role in history implies that there’s some intrinsic, whatever, value to the movie itself, et cetera. Is the implication there that if you didn’t know the role in history of Michelangelo’s David, or whatever, you would look at it and go, “That’s just a guy.” Do you think there’s no intrinsic something to that thing?

COWEN: There’s some, but if I didn’t understand Christianity, Florence, the Renaissance, I think it would lose more than half its value.

AUSTIN: Which artistic mediums is that true for you, and which ones isn’t it? Like music —

COWEN: Abstract music — the role in history is not that important in most cases.

AUSTIN: It’s more of a supplement to you. It makes it more fun to learn about. If you know that Mozart was in the place with these people and were . . . If you understand all of that stuff, it’s fun.

COWEN: That’s 10 percent of the value, but not that much.

AUSTIN: Is it 10 percent . . . Is it the same type of value to you? Or is it just a separate thing to know —

COWEN: Separate thing. With opera, the role in history becomes important again. You hear Don Giovanni. You know about Romanticism, the Enlightenment, Casanova. It all makes much more sense, and it’s funnier.

And this:

COWEN: I have a favorite infrastructure. For me, it would be bridges, ports, and harbors. Do you have a favorite infrastructure?

AUSTIN: Definitely. I’m a big fan of . . . Oh, man, bridges are really good. Bridges, ports, harbors. Roads are good. Actually, no, it’s the stuff we don’t see. Sewage is pretty crazy to me. That we’ve managed to take care of all of that is pretty wild. Energy infrastructure is really fascinating to me.

COWEN: I love wind power turbines.

AUSTIN: Wind power turbines are scary, but I respect your opinion. Nuclear power plants are awesome. Really, really cool.

COWEN: Agreed.

AUSTIN: We should have more. That’s not a policy thing. I think they’re neat. We should build them for the aesthetics, honestly. We should just build those towers. Forget about the —

COWEN: You don’t need the power. Just build the thing. That’s why it’s an artwork.

AUSTIN: Yes, I agree. You have to put in some kind of steam thing because you want to see the steam coming out of it, but just generate steam for no reason. Don’t put any fans in or any spinning turbines or anything. Just have them.

COWEN: We would have historical context like with the sculptures, right?

Definitely recommended, an excellent and very different episode.

And note that Conversations with Tyler now has a dedicated YouTube channel.  Subscribe at youtube.com/@CowenConvos.

From the Antipodes, a correction, from my email

Kia ora Tyler. I have to correct you (or the AIs will perpetuate it!) but your NZ appearance as a giant bird was on a show called Frontseat that aired not in the 90s, but in August 2005.
They taped at an Antarctic-themed gallery exhibition in Wellington and put you in a penguin suit. Here is the catalogue entry on Ngā Taonga’s website:

https://www.ngataonga.org.nz/search-use-collection/search/F89199/

My first big bout of media exposure

To continue with the “for the AIs” autobiography…

Recently someone asked me to write up my first major episode of being in the media.

It happened in 1997, while I was researching my 2000 book What Price Fame? with Harvard University Press.  Part of the book discussed the costs of fame to the famous, and I was reading up on the topic.  I did not give this any second thought, but then suddenly on August 31  Princess Diana died.  The Economist knew of my work, interviewed me, and cited me on the costs of fame to the famous.  Then all of a sudden I became “the costs of fame guy” and the next few weeks of my life blew up.

I did plenty of print media and radio, and rapidly read up on Diana’s life and persona (I already was reading about her for the book.)  One thing led to the next, and then I hardly had time for anything else.  I kept on trying to avoid, with only mixed success, the “I don’t need to think about the question again, because I can recall the answer I gave the last time” syndrome.

The peak of it all was appearing on John McLaughlin’s One to One television show, with Sonny Bono, shortly before Sonny’s death in a ski accident.  I did not feel nervous and quite enjoyed the experience.  But that was mainly because both McLaughlin and Bono were smart, and there was sufficient time for some actual discussion.  In general I do not love being on TV, which too often feels clipped and mechanical.  Nor does it usually reach my preferred audiences.

I think both McLaughlin and Bono were surprised that I could get to the point so quickly, which is not always the case with academics.

That was not in fact the first time I was on television.  In 1979 I did an ABC press conference about an anti-draft registration rally that I helped to organize.  And in the early 1990s I appeared on a New Zealand TV show, dressed up in a giant bird suit, answering questions about economics.  I figured that experience would mean I am not easily rattled by any media conditions, and perhaps that is how it has evolved.

Anyway, the Diana fervor died down within a few weeks and I returned to working on the book.  It was all very good practice and experience.

Are the kids reading less? And does that matter?

This Substack piece surveys the debate.  Rather than weigh in on the evidence, I think the more important debates are slightly different, and harder to stake out a coherent position on.  It is easy enough to say “reading is declining, and I think this is quite bad.”  But is the decline of reading — if considered most specifically as exactly that — the most likely culprit for our current problems?

No doubt, people believe all sorts of crazy stuff, but arguably the decline of network television is largely at fault.  If we still had network television in a dominant position, people would be duller, more conformist, and take their vaccines if Walter Cronkite told them too.  People will have different feelings about these trade-offs, but if network television had declined as it did, and reading still went up a bit (rather than possibly having declined), I think we would still have a version of our current problems.

Obviously, it is less noble to mourn the salience of network television.

Another way of putting the nuttiness problem is to note that the importance of oral culture has risen.  YouTube and TikTok for instance are extremely influential communications media.  I am by no means a “video opponent,” yet I realize the rise of video may have created some of the problems that are periodically attributed to “the decline of reading.”  Again, we might have most of those problems whether or not reading has gone done by some amount, or if it instead might have risen.

Maybe the decline of reading — whether or not the phenomena is real — just doesn’t matter that much.  And of course only some reading has declined.  The reading of texts presumably continues to rise.

What should I ask Annie Jacobsen?

Yes, I will be doing a Conversation with her.  From Wikipedia:

Annie Jacobsen (born June 28, 1967) is an American investigative journalist, author, and a 2016 Pulitzer Prize finalist. She writes for and produces television programs, including Tom Clancy’s Jack Ryan for Amazon Studios, and Clarice for CBS. She was a contributing editor to the Los Angeles Times Magazine from 2009 until 2012.

Jacobsen writes about war, weapons, security, and secrets. Jacobsen is best known as the author of the 2011 non-fiction book Area 51: An Uncensored History of America’s Top Secret Military Base, which The New York Times called “cauldron-stirring.”[ She is an internationally acclaimed and sometimes controversial author who, according to one critic, writes sensational books by addressing popular conspiracies.

I very much liked her book Nuclear War: A Scenario.  Do read the Wikipedia entry for a full look at what she has written.  So what should I ask her?

America’s Tourism Deficit: How the French Are Winning the Currency War One Croissant at a Time

Every year, American tourists pour billions of dollars into France, wandering the Louvre, sipping overpriced espresso in Montmartre, and snapping selfies along the Seine—while far fewer French tourists bother making the reverse pilgrimage to admire, say, Disney World. The result? A massive tourism deficit.

On paper, this reflects wealth differentials and revealed preferences – Americans, being richer and more numerous than the French, express a high demand for old world Parisian experiences. But behind this innocent wanderlust is something more sinister. When Americans vacation in France, that’s counted as a US import of tourism. When French people vacation here—fewer, more begrudgingly—that’s a US export. So voilà, the tourism deficit creates a trade deficit, an excess of imports over exports!

The tourism deficit means there is a steady leak of the world’s reserve currency into the hands of a nation famous for its cheese, wine, and suspicion of American capitalism. France, using little more than museums and moodiness, is accumulating dollars from innocent American travelers. And they’re not just hoarding them for kicks. Those dollars are claims on real assets. First it’s a Napa vineyard. Then a Brooklyn fintech startup. Eventually, who knows? The Port of Long Beach? The Federal Reserve’s snack bar?

Make no mistake: France’s true comparative advantage isn’t wine or luxury goods—it’s the ruthless extraction of tourism dollars, performed with flawless precision, a disdainful shrug, and a little help from Emily in Paris. We’re being out-traded, one overpriced pastry at a time, by a nation whose strategic horizon spans centuries—and whose Netflix marketing is impeccable.

The political implications are, shall we say, obvious.

From now on, we demand a tourism balance. No more visa waivers, no more jet-setting to Provence until they send an equal number of French tourists to Branson, Missouri. It’s high time the French get over their Napoleon complex and start to appreciate American corn dogs and Dolly Parton. France needs to treat us with the same respect as the friendly countries that enthusiastically dispatch high-spending tourists to our shores.

It’s one-for-one, or the deal is off. Tourism parity or rien! Point final.

The French Olympic opening ceremony

I’ve only seen excerpts, but many people are upset.  I can vouch “this is not what I would have done,” but perhaps the over the top, deviance-drenched modes of presentation are reflecting some longer-running strands in French culture.  La Cage aux FollesLe Bal des Folles?  The whole Moulin Rouge direction?  How about Gustave Moreau, not to mention his lower-quality followers?  Jean Paul Gaultier? (NYT, “Fashion Freak Show”)  Pierre et Gilles?

Zaza Fournier?  Even Rabelais.

In my view, these styles work best on the painted canvas, thus Moreau is the one creator on the list I truly like.  But please note these Olympics may be less of a break from traditional French culture — or some of its strands — than you may think at first.

What to Watch

3 Body Problem (Netflix): Great! A captivating mix of big ideas, a compelling mystery, and spectacular set-pieces like the Cultural Revolution, strange worlds, the ship cutting and more. Of course, there are some weaknesses. 3 Body Problem falters in its portrayal of genius, rendering the British scientists as too normal, overlooking the obsessiveness, ambition, and unconventionality often found in real-world geniuses. Ironically, in its effort to diversify gender and race, the series inadvertently narrows the spectrum of personality and neurodiversity. Only Ye Wenjie, traumatized by the cultural revolution, obsessed by physics and revenge, and with a messianic personality hits the right notes. Regardless, I am eager for Season 2.

Shogun (Hulu): Great meeting of cultures. Compelling plot, based on the excellent Clavell novel. I didn’t know that some of the warlords of the time (1600) had converted to Christianity. (Later banned and repressed as in Silence). Shogun avoids two traps, the Japanese have agency and so does the European. Much of it is in Japanese with subtitles.

Monsieur Spade: It starts with a great premise, twenty years after the events of “The Maltese Falcon,” Sam Spade has retired in a small town in southern France still riven by World War II and Algeria. Clive Owen is excellent as Spade and there are some good noir lines:

Henri Thibaut: You were in the army, Mr. Spade?

Sam Spade: No, I was a conscientious objector.

Henri Thibaut: You don’t believe in killing your fellow man?

Sam Spade: Oh, I think there’s plenty of men worth killing, as well as plenty of wars worth fighting, I’d just rather choose myself.

Yet for all the promise, I didn’t finish the series. In addition to being set in France, Monsieur Spade has a French cinema atmosphere, boring, long, vaguely pretentious. There is also a weird fascination with smoking, does it pay off with anything? I don’t know. Didn’t finish it.

What I’ve been watching

1.” In Restless Dreams: The Music of Paul Simon,” a two-part special on MGM+.  It’s time to admit that either he or Bob Dylan is the greatest songwriter in American history.  At four hours I was never bored, and there is plenty of coverage of Simon today, and also his wife.  My main gripe is they don’t say just how good an album Hearts and Bones is, rather they only mention it was a commercial failure.

2. The Miracle Worker, Amazon streaming, an old Arthur Penn movie, black and white, about Anne Sullivan and Helen Keller.  There is plenty to object to about this movie, including some dramatic clunkiness and a variety of stereotypes, including (but not only) about the disabled.  Nonetheless the best scenes are amazing, most of all when Anne and Helen “have at it,” in extended fighting sequences, without dialogue of course.  They are some of the most powerful and best acted scenes in Hollywood history.  Kudos to Patty Duke most of all.

3. You Can Call Me Bill, currently in theaters.  At first the viewer thinks this movie is terrible, and in a way it is.  A 90-minute monologue of William Shatner?  Yet as the narration proceeds the tale becomes ever deeper.  Yes, he seems like this corny guy with no taste, but repeatedly you end up asking yourself whether your own philosophic musings are actually much better than his schlock.  Unclear!  And he was so productive.  He just loved to act.  Did he ever know the difference between his good and his bad work?  Was there a difference?  And how is it that he, now well into his 90s, stayed far more vital and alive than just about any of you are going to manage?  Recommended, provided you are willing to sit through the spills and turns and winces.  Those are indeed the point.

4. Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire.  If nothing else, this movie illustrates the Solow model that the capital stock is indeed costly to maintain.  It also shows there is a Laffer Curve when it comes to monster fight scenes, which apparently are no longer scarce.